Nootropics are a class of substances designed to improve mental functions like memory, focus, creativity, and overall brain performance. These compounds can be natural or synthetic and are typically used to enhance cognitive abilities, increase productivity, or support brain health, especially under conditions of stress or fatigue.

Nootropics work by influencing various neurochemicals, such as neurotransmitters, hormones, and enzymes, that play a crucial role in cognitive functions. Some common mechanisms by which nootropics work include improving blood flow to the brain, increasing the production of brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), enhancing synaptic plasticity, and optimizing the balance of key neurotransmitters like dopamine, serotonin, and acetylcholine.